This study aims to provide a baseline of data to better understand the lives of Cambodian transgender persons in the sex industry through qualitative and quantitative research methodologies. A literature review covers transgender in a Cambodian context, research approaches in Asia, prejudice and discrimination of transgender communities and vulnerability and resilience of transgender persons. Results are presented on earnings, social relationships, sexual identity, violence and sexual abuse, health and substance abuse, alternative employment and dignity and self-identity. Discussion is provided on stigma/discrimination, positive societal responses, gender-based violence, social identity and reasons for sex work and contradiction and disconnect. A special section looks at theological considerations before recommendations are provided.