The study examines the impact of economic globalization on human trafficking in Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS) countries. The paper tests a cross-section of six countries, including Cambodia, the Yunnan Province of China, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam, finding that economic globalization increases trafficking inflow into the GMS. However, only foreign direct investment (FDI) affects the degree of trafficking of persons, while the effect of trade is insignificant. Exchange rate, migration, population and democracy also induce higher rates of trafficking, whereas Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and other factors, such as education, vocational training and micro-finance through village development funds decrease this issue in the region. Gross National Income per capita (GNI per capita) and rule of law were found to not have any significant effect on human trafficking.